Athletic Knee Braces

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Opens flats for easy application over injured, swollen or tender knees.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Polycentric hinged bars with flexion and extension stops, provide rigid medial-lateral stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Available in royal (0311) or black (0311BL); latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia,, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Spiral stays provide moderate side-to-side support and stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Available in royal (0308) or black (0308BL); latex free

Unicompartmental osteoarthritis (mild), lateral pressure syndrome, patella instabilities, cruciate and collateral ligament support, lateral patella misalignment, post-surgical repair of meniscus or articular cartilage.Opens flat for easy application over injured, swollen or tender knees.Elastic wraparound strap system, with single polycentric hinged bar, provides counter resistance and exerts corrective pressure to offload affected side of knee.Interior condyle pads with different thicknesses can be adjusted for varying daily needs.Hinged bar is removable and shapeable if necessary.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Breathable and comfortable for long term wear.Latex free

Sprains and strains, osteoarthritis.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Opening over kneecap (patella) helps support maintain its correct position at all times.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Easy slip-on, slip-off application.Latex free.Available in royal (0306) or black (0306BL)

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Easy slip-on, slip-off application.Latex free.Available in royal (0309) or black (0309BL)

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia,, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Spiral stays provide moderate side-to-side support and stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Available in royal (0308) or black (0308BL); latex free

Medial / lateral knee instability, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, compression and support.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Polycentric hinged bars with flexion and extension stops, provide rigid medial-lateral stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Opens flats for easy application over injured, swollen or tender knees.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Polycentric hinged bars with flexion and extension stops, provide rigid medial-lateral stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Available in royal (0311) or black (0311BL); latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Heavy-duty, breathable elastic fabric provides firm, comfortable support.Pressure pads on either side of kneecap provide compression and stability.Flexible stays provide moderate side-to-side support.Open patella area helps reduce binding around the back of the knee.Low profile and neutral beige color for inconspicuous wear.Easy slip on, slip-off application

Mutual Industries Universal size adjustable neoprene knee stabilizer with strap features hook, loop fasteners and fits both left and right knee. Stabilizer retains body heat and increases blood circulation..Material: Neoprene.Size: One size fits all.Retains body heat and increases circulation.Provides compression and support for confident play.Features universal sizing, fits either left or right knee.Extra dual straps with hook and loop fasteners for additional compression.Reinforced padded patella.Metal stays provide lateral support.Customer fitting dart design closure system.Mutual Industries Universal size adjustable neoprene knee stabilizer with strap provides support and compression for confident play.

Medial / lateral knee instability, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, compression and support.Opens flats for easy application over injured, swollen or tender knees.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Polycentric hinged bars with flexion and extension stops, provide rigid medial-lateral stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Latex free

Post-operative rehabilitation, patellar misalignment and instability, cruciate and collateral ligament support, medial/lateral cartilage support, patellar tendonitis.Low profile single axis hinged bars provide medial-lateral stability, adjust to control extensions at 15, 30, or 50 degrees.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Spiral stays provide moderate side-to-side support and stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Latex free

Medial/lateral knee instability, compression and support.Heavy-duty, breathable elastic fabric provides firm, comfortable support.Lightweight rigid metal hinged bars provide excellent medial-lateral control and allow for free flexion and extension.Thigh and calf encircling straps are reversible and adjustable to help brace maintain its proper position throughout the day

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Opens flats for easy application over injured, swollen or tender knees.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Spiral stays provide moderate side-to-side support and stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Support opens flat for easy application over swollen or tender knee - allows for good support without restricting movement.Circular knit, seamless design aids in circulation and does not irritate skin.Bilateral pressure pads provide compression and stabilization, help maintain proper patellar alignment.Fully adjustable hook and loop fastening straps offer a more even and comfortable fit; straps can be trimmed if necessary for a smooth, neat appearance..Flexible stays provide moderate side-to-side support.Low profile, neutral beige color for an inconspicuous appearance

Sprains and strains, general support.Elastic, cotton-rayon blend fabric provides firm support; helps improve circulation to promote healing.Contour cut design for better support and wearing comfort.Absorbs perspiration for all day wearing comfort.Inconspicuous neutral color

Mild sprains and strains, joint weakness due to previous injury or overexertion.Encircles the knee like a bandage but without the bulk.Exerts compression evenly over the soft tissues of the knee, fitting comfortably around the surface anatomy.Durable, high quality elastic sleeve absorbs perspiration for all day wearing comfort.Natural white color.Easy to pull on and pull off

Post-operative rehabilitation, patellar misalignment and instability, cruciate and collateral ligament support, medial/lateral cartilage support, patellar tendonitis.Low profile single axis hinged bars provide medial-lateral stability, adjust to control extensions at 15, 30, or 50 degrees.Support opens flat for easy application over swollen or tender knee - allows for good support without restricting movement.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Opens flats for easy application over injured, swollen or tender knees.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Spiral stays provide moderate side-to-side support and stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Spiral stays provide moderate side-to-side support and stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Latex free

Medial / lateral knee instability, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, compression and support.Opens flats for easy application over injured, swollen or tender knees.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Spiral stays provide moderate side-to-side support and stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Available in royal (0312) or black (0312BL); latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Easy slip-on, slip-off application.Latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Easy slip-on, slip-off application.Latex free

Runner's knee, patella misalignment and instability, cruciate ligament support, cartilage support, patellar tendonitis.Relieves pressure over patellar tendon.Inverted buttress pad provides patella control.Dual fastening strap system permits wide range of adjustability.Bilateral spiral stays provide moderate medial-lateral stability.Sheer mesh elastic opening back of knee.Non-abrasive fasteners throughout

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Spiral stays provide moderate side-to-side support and stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Latex free

Sprains and strains, osteoarthritis.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Opening over kneecap (patella) helps support maintain its correct position at all times.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Easy slip-on, slip-off application.Latex free.Available in royal (0306) or black (0306BL)

Sprains and strains, mild patellofemoral tracking.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Easy wraparound design for quick application.Tubular pad provides extra uplift around the patellar tendon for stability, proper tracking and to help relieve minor pain.Adjustable closure strap for custom fit.Latex free

Bilt-Rite XL Mutual Knee Support is made using premium quality material for durability. It helps in keeping the knee area warm to help speed up tissue injury..Color: Black.Size: XL.Application/Usage: Knee Support.Features: Maintain Body Warmth to Assist in the Repair of Soft Tissue Injury.Bilt-Rite XL Mutual Knee Support - Keeps the knee area warm to help speed up tissue injury

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Adjustable expansion panel permits easy application over a "full size" well developed thigh.Heavy-duty, breathable elastic fabric provides firm, comfortable support.Pressure pads on either side of kneecap provide compression and stability.Flexible stays provide moderate side-to-side support.Open patella area helps reduce binding around the back of the knee.Easy slip on, slip-off application

Runner's knee, patella misalignment and instability, cruciate ligament support, cartilage support, patellar tendonitis.Relieves pressure over patellar tendon.Inverted buttress pad provides patella control.Dual fastening strap system permits wide range of adjustability.Bilateral spiral stays provide moderate medial-lateral stability.Sheer mesh elastic opening back of knee.Non-abrasive fasteners throughout

Sprains and strains, osteoarthritis.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Opening over kneecap (patella) helps support maintain its correct position at all times.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Easy slip-on, slip-off application.Latex free.Available in royal (0306) or black (0306BL)

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Spiral stays provide moderate side-to-side support and stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Opens flats for easy application over injured, swollen or tender knees.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Polycentric hinged bars with flexion and extension stops, provide rigid medial-lateral stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Available in royal (0311) or black (0311BL); latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Heavy-duty, breathable elastic fabric provides firm, comfortable support.Pressure pads on either side of kneecap provide compression and stability.Flexible stays provide moderate side-to-side support.Open patella area helps reduce binding around the back of the knee.Low profile and neutral beige color for inconspicuous wear.Easy slip on, slip-off application

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Heavy-duty, breathable elastic fabric provides firm, comfortable support.Pressure pads on either side of kneecap provide compression and stability.Flexible stays provide moderate side-to-side support.Open patella area helps reduce binding around the back of the knee.Low profile and neutral beige color for inconspicuous wear.Easy slip on, slip-off application

Post-operative rehabilitation, patellar misalignment and instability, cruciate and collateral ligament support, medial/lateral cartilage support, patellar tendonitis.Low profile single axis hinged bars provide medial-lateral stability, adjust to control extensions at 15, 30, or 50 degrees.Support opens flat for easy application over swollen or tender knee - allows for good support without restricting movement.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Heavy-duty, breathable elastic fabric provides firm, comfortable support.Pressure pads on either side of kneecap provide compression and stability.Flexible stays provide moderate side-to-side support.Open patella area helps reduce binding around the back of the knee.Low profile and neutral beige color for inconspicuous wear.Easy slip on, slip-off application

Medial / lateral knee instability, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, compression and support.Opens flats for easy application over injured, swollen or tender knees.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Polycentric hinged bars with flexion and extension stops, provide rigid medial-lateral stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Latex free

Medial/lateral knee instability, compression and support.Heavy-duty, breathable elastic fabric provides firm, comfortable support.Lightweight rigid metal hinged bars provide excellent medial-lateral control and allow for free flexion and extension.Thigh and calf encircling straps are reversible and adjustable to help brace maintain its proper position throughout the day

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Easy slip-on, slip-off application.Latex free.Available in royal (0309) or black (0309BL)

Medial / lateral knee instability, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, compression and support.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Polycentric hinged bars with flexion and extension stops, provide rigid medial-lateral stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Available in royal (0310) or black (0310BL); latex free

Medial / lateral knee instability, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, compression and support.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Polycentric hinged bars with flexion and extension stops, provide rigid medial-lateral stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Available in royal (0310) or black (0310BL); latex free

Sprains and strains, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, patellofemoral tracking.Perforated neoprene material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Four-way stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Sheer mesh elastic opening over back of knee minimizes binding, enhances wearing comfort.Easy slip-on, slip-off application.Latex free.Available in royal (0309) or black (0309BL)

Runner's knee, patella misalignment and instability, cruciate ligament support, cartilage support, patellar tendonitis.Relieves pressure over patellar tendon.Inverted buttress pad provides patella control.Dual fastening strap system permits wide range of adjustability.Bilateral spiral stays provide moderate medial-lateral stability.Sheer mesh elastic opening back of knee.Non-abrasive fasteners throughout

Sprains and strains, osteoarthritis, general compressive support.Heavy-duty, breathable elastic fabric provides firm, comfortable support.Bilateral spiral stays offer moderate side-to-side support and stability.Open patella area helps reduce binding around the back of the knee.Low profile and neutral beige color for inconspicuous wear.Easy slip on, slip-off application

Medial / lateral knee instability, chondromalacia, osteoarthritis, compression and support.Opens flats for easy application over injured, swollen or tender knees.Open cell foam Orthotex material is breathable and allows for comfortable long-term wear.Multidirectional stretch material provides even compression over the anatomical prominences of the joint.Multi-function neoprene buttress surrounds kneecap and provides compression and stabilization. Slits on interior of buttress cover allows for a wide range of adjustability.Polycentric hinged bars with flexion and extension stops, provide rigid medial-lateral stability, yet flex and extend naturally with the joint.Upper and lower hook-and-loop encircling straps maintain stabilizer in correct position; straps are adjustable and removable.Latex free

Runner's knee, patella misalignment and instability, cruciate ligament support, cartilage support, patellar tendonitis.Relieves pressure over patellar tendon.Inverted buttress pad provides patella control.Dual fastening strap system permits wide range of adjustability.Bilateral spiral stays provide moderate medial-lateral stability.Sheer mesh elastic opening back of knee.Non-abrasive fasteners throughout